ASTM E455-2019 pdf free download

ASTM E455-2019 pdf free download.Standard Test Method for Static Load Testing of Framed Floor or Roof Diaphragm Constructions for Buildings
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers procedures designed (1) to evaluate the static shear capacity of a typical segment of a framed diaphragm under simulated loading conditions, and (2) to provide a determination of the stiffness of the construction and its connections. A diaphragm construction is an assembly of materials designed to transmit shear forces in the plane of the construction. 1.2 No effort has been made to specify the test apparatus, as there are a number that can be used as long as the needs of the testing agency are met. If round-robin testing is to be conducted, test apparatus and testing procedures shall be mutually agreed upon in advance by the participants. 1.3 The text of this standard contains notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information and are not requirements of the standard. Notes and footnotes in tables and figures are requirements of this standard. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology E631. 3.2 Definitions ofTerms Specific to This Standard: 3.2.1 deflection—in-plane deformation (distortion) of a dia- phragm due to bending and shear excluding translational displacement due to movement of supports. 3.2.2 diaphragm—horizontal or sloped system acting to transmit lateral forces to the vertical resisting elements. 3.2.2.1 Discussion—A diaphragm is analogous to a horizon- tal deep beam with interconnected membrane elements such as panels, sheathing, or cladding acting as the deep beam web, intermediate elements such as joists acting as web stiffeners, and perimeter boundary elements such as girders acting as deep beam chords. 3.2.3 displacement—the distance between the initial and the final position of a point on the diaphragm in a given direction.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The general purpose of this test method is to evaluate the shear forces that can be carried by the web ofa framed floor or roof diaphragm assembly by testing a simulation of the construction. The test method outlines basic procedures for the static load testing of these constructions using simple beam or cantilever-type test specimens. Suggested specimen and test setup details are provided, along with loading procedures, instrumentation, and evaluation methods. 4.2 Construction: 4.2.1 Diaphragm Performance Assumptions—These dia- phragm assemblies, assumed to act as deep beams, span between shear walls, moment frame bents, or other construc- tions that furnish the end or intermediate reactions to the system. The chord members of the assembly perpendicular to the line ofapplied load act as the flanges ofthe deep beam, and the plate or panel elements act as the web of the deep beam, and the framing members act as web stiffeners. A schematic drawing of a simple span diaphragm is shown in Fig. 1. 4.2.2 Connections—The performance of the diaphragm is influenced by the type and spacing ofthe plate or panel element attachments, framing connections, and perimeter anchorage at intermediate and perimeter supports. It is necessary to ensure that the type of connection system used and its application as nearly as possible duplicate the system intended for use in the prototype construction. 4.3 Displacements—To calculate deflections, the in-plane diaphragm displacement(s) shall be recorded. The total deflec- tion of a diaphragm consists of bending deflection, shear deflection of the diaphragm web, and any additional deflection attributed to deformation of the diaphragm fasteners and connections. Table 1 contains some useful deflection equations.