ASTM E10-2018 pdf free download

ASTM E10-2018 pdf free download.Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the Brinell hardness of metallic materials by the Brinell indentation hardness principle. This standard provides the requirements for a Brinell testing machine and the procedures for performing Brinell hardness tests. 1.2 This test method includes requirements for the use of portable Brinell hardness testing machines that measure Brinell hardness by the Brinell hardness test principle and can meet the requirements of this test method, including the direct and indirect verifications of the testing machine. Portable Brinell hardness testing machines that cannot meet the direct verifica- tion requirements and can only be verified by indirect verifi- cation requirements are covered in Test Method E110. 1.3 This standard includes additional requirements in the following annexes:1.5 At the time the Brinell hardness test was developed, the force levels were specified in units of kilograms-force (kgf). Although this standard specifies the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI) as the Newton (N), because ofthe historical precedent and continued common usage ofkgf units, force values in kgfunits are provided for information and much of the discussion in this standard refers to forces in kgf units. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- mine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3. Terminology and Equations
3.1 Definitions: 3.1.1 calibration—determination of the values of the sig- nificant parameters by comparison with values indicated by a reference instrument or by a set of reference standards. 3.1.2 verification—checking or testing to assure confor- mance with the specification. 3.1.3 standardization—to bring in conformance with a known standard through verification or calibration. 3.1.4 Brinell hardness test—an indentation hardness test using a verified machine to force an indenter (tungsten carbide ball with diameter D), under specified conditions, into the surface of the material under test. The diameter of the resulting indentation d is measured after removal of the force. 3.1.5 Brinell hardness number—a number, which is propor- tional to the quotient obtained by dividing the test force by the curved surface area of the indentation which is assumed to be spherical and of the diameter of the ball. 3.1.6 Brinell hardness scale—a designation that identifies the specific combination of ball diameter and applied force used to perform the Brinell hardness test. 3.1.7 Brinell hardness testing machine—a Brinell hardness machine used for general testing purposes. 3.1.8 Brinell hardness standardizing machine—a Brinell hardness machine used for the standardization of Brinell hardness test blocks. The standardizing machine differs from a regular Brinell hardness testing machine by having tighter tolerances on certain parameters. 3.1.9 force-diameter ratio—a number calculated as the ratio of the test force in kgf to the square of the indenter ball diameter in mm (see Table 1). 3.1.10 portable Brinell hardness testing machine—a Brinell hardness testing machine that is designed to be transported, carried, set up, and operated by the users, and that measures Brinell hardness by the Brinell hardness test principle. 3.1.11 movable Brinell hardness testing machine—a Brinell hardness testing machine that is designed to be moved to different locations on a moveable frame, table or similar support that is integral to the testing machine (for example, securely fixed to a rolling table), or a Brinell hardness testing machine that is designed to move into the testing position prior to a test, (for example, securely fixed to a moving support arm), and has been previously verified to ensure that such moves will not affect the hardness result.