ASTM C872-10(R2021) pdf free download

ASTM C872-10(R2021) pdf free download.Standard Test Method for Lead and Cadmium Release from Porcelain Enamel Surfaces
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the precise determination of lead and cadmium extracted by acetic acid from porcelain enamel surfaces. 1.2 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Inch-pound units are given for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- mine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The lead and cadmium extracted from the article under test by acetic acid at 20 to 24 °C (68 to 75 °F) after 24 h of leaching are measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry using a specific hollow cathode lamp for lead and cadmium respectively.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The determination of lead and cadmium release from porcelain enamel surfaces was formerly of interest only to manufacturers of porcelain enamel cookware and similar food service products. Food contact surfaces of these container-type products have been evaluated using a test procedure similar to Test Method C738. Recently, however, there has been a need to measure lead and cadmium release from flat or curved porce- lain enamel surfaces that are not capable of being evaluated by a test similar to Test Method C738.
5. Interferences
5.1 Since a specific hollow cathode lamp for lead and cadmium is used, there are no interferences.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer , equipped with a 102-mm (4-in.) single slot or Boling burner head and digital concentration readout attachment (DCR) if available. 3 This instrument should have a sensitivity of about 0.5 mg/L of lead for 1 % absorption and a sensitivity of about 0.03 mg/L of cadmium for 1 % absorption. The operating conditions as specified in the instrument manufacturer’s analytical methods manual shall be used.N OTE 1—ppm, mg/L, and µg/mL are equivalent units. 6.2 Hollow Cathode Lead Lamp, with wavelength set at 283.3 or 217.0 nm. 6.3 Hollow Cathode Cadmium Lamp, with wavelength set at 228.8 nm. 6.4 Glassware of chemically resistant borosilicate glass, to make reagents and solutions. 6.5 Test Cell, suitable for the containment of the leaching solution on a flat porcelain enamel surface. A cell that has proved suitable for this purpose is shown in Fig. 1.
7. Reagents
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit- tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such specifications are available. 4 Other grades may be used provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination. 7.2 Purity ofWater—Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean distilled water (see Specification D1193).
9. Procedure
9.1 Preparation ofSample—Take, at random, three identical units and cleanse each with the detergent rinse. Then rinse with tap water followed by distilled water. Dry the specimens and fit into a suitable test cell similar to that shown in Fig. 1, or place a weighted cell onto a flat surface of a production part. Fill each unit with 4 % acetic acid, with a maximum of 40 mL for each 6.45 cm 2 (1 in. 2 ) of exposed surface. Record the volume of acid for each unit in the sample. Cover each unit with clear, colorless glass plate to prevent evaporation of the solution, avoiding contact between the cover and surface of the leaching solution, and expose to normal laboratory light for 8 to 10 h during the leaching period. Let the solution stand for 24 h at room temperature (20 to 24°C (68 to 75°F)). 9.2 Preparation ofStandards: 9.2.1 Lead Standards—Dilute lead nitrate solution (see 7.5) with acetic acid (see 7.3) to obtain working standards having final concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg Pb/L.