ASTM E102-93(R2021) pdf free download
ASTM E102-93(R2021) pdf free download.Standard Test Method for Saybolt Furol Viscosity of Bituminous Materials at High Temperatures
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the empirical procedures for determining the Saybolt Furol viscosities of bituminous mate- rials at specified temperatures between 120 and 240 °C [248 and 464 °F]. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 8.1. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
8. Preparation of Apparatus
8.1 Clean the viscometer thoroughly with xylene, remove all solvent from the viscometer and its gallery, and dry well. Clean the displacement ring and receiving flask in the same manner. Xylene is a toxic and flammable solvent; all working areas shall be efficiently hooded and kept free of sparks and open flames. If the viscometer is hot, vaporization of xylene can be reduced by filling the tube rapidly and immediately allowing it to flow out through the orifice. A wooden toothpick may be useful in cleaning the orifice. N OTE 2—The viscometer may be kept clean by filling with cylinder oil immediately after each test and allowing the oil to remain in the viscometer for several minutes before draining and cleaning with xylene as described above. If desired, the viscometer may be kept filled with cylinder oil between runs, draining and cleaning with xylene just before each test. 8.2 Set up the viscometer and bath in an area where they will not be exposed to drafts or rapid changes in air temperature, and dust or vapors that might contaminate a sample. 8.3 Place the receiving flask beneath the viscometer so that the graduation mark on the flask is from 100 to 130 mm [4 to 5 in.] below the bottom of the viscometer tube, and so that the stream of liquid will just touch the neck of the flask. 8.4 Fill the bath to at least 6 mm [ 1 ⁄ 4 in.] above the overflow rim of the viscometer with an appropriate bath medium for the selected test temperature: 8.4.1 Use SAE 40 grade oil for test temperatures up to 149 °C [300 °F]. 8.4.2 For temperatures above 149 °C [300 °F], use a cylin- der oil having a viscosity of approximately 175 to 185 SUS at 98.9 °C [210 °F], and a minimum flash point of 300 °C [572 °F] when tested in accordance with Test Method D92. 8.4.3 Change the bath medium periodically, and clean the outside walls of the tubes to remove any carbon deposits.
10. Procedure
10.1 Establish and control the bath temperature at the selected test temperature. 10.1.1 Standard test temperatures for measuring Saybolt Furol viscosities of bituminous materials are 121, 135, 149, 163, 177, 204, and 232 °C [250, 275, 300, 325, 350, 400, and 450 °F]. 10.2 Insert a cork stopper, having a cord attached for its easy removal, into the air chamber at the bottom of the viscometer. The cork shall fit tightly enough to prevent the escape of air, as evidenced by the absence of oil on the cork when it is withdrawn later as described. 10.3 Place the displacement ring in the gallery of the viscometer. 10.4 Preheat a 0.5-kg [1-lb] sample in a 500-mL [16-oz] seamless tin box of the deep type on the electric hot plate to about 10 to 15 °C [18 to 27 °F] above the selected test temperature. 10.4.1 Use the medium-temperature setting on the hot plate for the first half hour, and the high-temperature setting for the remainder of the heating period. Avoid overheating initially because this might cause some oxidation of the sample and alter its viscosity.
