ASTM B208-14(R2021) pdf free download

ASTM B208-14(R2021) pdf free download.Standard Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens for Copper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, and Continuous Castings
1.1 This practice establishes procedures for preparing test coupons and specimens (machined and unmachined) for ten- sion tests of copper alloys for sand, permanent mold, centrifu- gal and continuous castings.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 The mechanical properties determined from test bars for sand, permanent mold, and centrifugal castings poured in accordance with this practice represent the properties of the metal going into castings poured from the same heat. These mechanical properties may not be the same as the properties of the corresponding castings because of the solidification effects of varying size, section, and design.
4.2 Test bars for continuous castings are taken from the castings and therefore represent the properties of the castings.
5. Test Coupons
5.1 Sand Castings—The test bar coupons shall be made by the same manufacturing process as the castings they represent wherever possible. If the castings are cast entirely in green sand, partial cores shall be permitted for the test bars but in no case shall chills be permitted. Unless otherwise agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser, test bars may be poured in cores on a production line. The use of filters in the gating system is permitted.
5.1.1 High-Shrinkage Sand-Cast Alloys—The test specimen coupons for copper casting alloys exhibiting high shrinkage during freezing and cooling shall be cast to the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 1 (a or b) or 2 (a or b). If specimens having threaded ends are to be used in the tension tests, the length of the keel blocks in Fig. 1a may be reduced to 6 1 ⁄ 4 in. (159 mm). See Appendix X1 for SI equivalents.
5.1.2 Low-Shrinkage Sand-Cast Alloys—The test specimen coupons for copper casting alloys exhibiting low shrinkage during freezing and cooling shall be cast to the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 2 (Aor B), Fig. 3, or Fig. 4 or as may be prescribed in the casting specifications.
5.2 Centrifugal Castings—Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the manufacturer shall pour the test bars in the same type of mold as the castings themselves. That is, test bars for sand mold castings shall be poured in sand molds, and test bars for chill mold castings shall be poured in chill molds.
5.3.1 Test bar coupons shall be taken in a longitudinal direction from the continuous cast product at the mid-wall of hollow castings or at one-half the distance between the center and the side of solid castings as illustrated in Fig. 6.
5.3.2 For irregular shapes, the location of the test bar coupon shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.
5.3.3 Transverse test specimens are allowed for continuous cast product having a cross section thickness, diameter, or wall of 4 in. or more. The cross sections are the diameter of a round solid, the distance across flats of a solid hexagon, the thickness of a rectangle, and the wall thickness of a tube.
5.4 Permanent Mold Castings—The test bar coupons shall be made in the permanent die for test bars shown in Fig. 7 or Fig. 9. The runner, gate, and risers shall be coated with an insulating spray. The test bar cavity shall be coated with a graphite spray. Test bar casting shall be poured in the tilted position and rotated to the vertical position during pouring.
6. Test Specimens
6.1 Sand Cast—Tension test specimens shall be machined from the coupons described in 5.1.1 and 5.1.2 and shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and Fig. 3. They shall be of the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 11 for the 0.500-in. standard test bar specimen. 6.1.1 In the case of test specimens prepared from the coupons in Fig. 4, the manufacturer shall have the option of testing the specimens without machining the gage length. Ifthe specimens are machined, the gage length, parallel sections, and fillets shall be machined to the dimensions shown in Fig. 11.
6.2 Centrifugally Cast—Tension test specimens shall be machined from the coupons described in 5.2.1 and shown in Fig. 5. They shall be of the form and dimensions shown in 11.