ASTM B228-11a(R2021) pdf free download

ASTM B228-11a(R2021) pdf free download.Standard Specification for Concentric-Lay-Stranded Copper-Clad Steel Conductors
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers bare concentric-lay-stranded conductors made from bare round copper-clad steel wires for general use for electrical purposes. 1.2 For the purpose of this specification, conductors are classified as follows: Grade 40 HS, Grade 30 HS, Grade 30 EHS, Grade 40 DSA, and Grade 30 DSA. The grades covered by this specification correspond to the following commercial designations:1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- mine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following information: 3.1.1 Quantity of each size and grade; 3.1.2 Conductor size: approximate diameter in fractions of an inch, or number and AWG size of individual wires (Section 7 and Table 1); 3.1.3 Grade (see 1.2 and Table 1); 3.1.4 Direction of lay of outer layer, if other than left-hand (see 6.3); 3.1.5 When physical tests shall be made (see 8.2); 3.1.6 Package size (see 13.1); 3.1.7 Special package marking, if required (Section 12); 3.1.8 Lagging, if required (see 13.2); and 3.1.9 Place of inspection (Section 14). 3.2 In addition, Supplementary Requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the inquiry, contract, or purchase order for direct procurement by agencies of the U. S. Government (S1, S2, and S3).
5. Joints
5.1 Joints or splices may be made in the finished individual copper-clad steel wires composing concentric-lay-stranded conductors, using more than three wires provided that such joints or splices have a protection equivalent to that of the wire itself and that they do not decrease the strength of the finished stranded conductor below the minimum breaking strength shown in Table 1. Such joints or splices shall be not closer than 50 ft (15 m) to any other joint in the same layer in the conductor (Note 1). N OTE 1—Joints or splices in individual copper-clad steel wires in their finished size are made by electrical butt welding. Two types of joints are used and are described as follows: (a) Weld-AnnealedJoints—After butt welding, the wire is annealed for a distance of approximately 5 in. (127 mm) on each side of the weld. The weld is then protected from corrosion with one of two approaches: 1. A snug fitting seamless copper sleeve which extends at least 3 ⁄ 8 in. (9.5 mm) on each side of the weld and which is thoroughly sealed to the wire with solder. The wall thickness of the sleeve is at least 10 % of the radius of the wire. 2. Protect the weld from corrosion and ensure acceptable conductivity through the use of a silver solder that extends at least 3 ⁄ 8 in. (9.5 mm) on each side of the weld. This type of joint is applicable for 7, 12, and 19 wire stranded configurations. When joints made on annealed individual wires, the completed stranded conductor is required to have the full rated strength. For hard drawn material, this joint has a tensile strength of approximately 60 000 psi (415 MPa). This is less than the strength of the individual wires, but an allowance is made for this in the rated strength of the conductor as a whole. The completed conductor when containing such joints is required to have the full rated strength. Other protection methods may also be used as agreed upon between the purchaser and manufacturer. This type of joint is but slightly larger than the wire itself and is applicable for 7, 12, and 19-wire stranded conductors. (b) Compression-Weld Joints—Compression-weld joints differ from weld-annealed joints in that the wire is not annealed after the butt-welding operation but is reinforced with a hard-drawn, seamless, silicon-tin bronze sleeve which is applied by means ofa hydraulic compressor over the weld. This sleeve is covered with solder so as to completely seal the ends. These sleeves have a wall thickness of 25 to 50 % of the radius of the wire, depending on the wire size. Their use is usually limited to 3-wire conductors where the relatively large diameter is not objectionable. This joint develops the full strength of the wire.