ASTM C1479-16(R2021) pdf free download

ASTM C1479-16(R2021) pdf free download.Standard Practice for Installation of Precast Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe Using Standard Installations
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the installation of precast concrete pipe intended to be used for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, and storm water and for the construction of culverts. 1.2 This practice is the inch-pound companion to Practice C1479M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in this practice. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- mine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
7. Excavation
7.1 When rock or other unyielding foundation material is encountered, it shall be removed at least to the requirements shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and Tables 1 and 2. Overexcavated areas shall be backfilled with approved materials and com- pacted to at least the standard proctor density specified for the bedding. 7.2 Where surface water or groundwater conditions exist, the site and trench shall be dewatered.
8. Foundation
8.1 The foundation shall be moderately firm to hard in situ soil, stabilized soil, or compacted fill material. 8.2 When unsuitable or unstable material is encountered, the foundation shall be stabilized. 8.3 Methods to prevent migration of soil fines shall be provided when groundwater or existing soil conditions are conducive to particle migration. Gravelly soils, with little or no fines, could migrate under certain conditions, causing lack of support. 8.4 Pipe installed over an unyielding foundation shall be cushioned so as to prevent blasting shock when future blasting is anticipated in the area.
9. Bedding
9.1 The bedding shall be constructed uniformly over the full length of the pipe barrel, as required for the designated standard installation, to distribute the loadbearing reaction uniformly on the pipe barrel over its full length, and to maintain the required pipe grade. See Fig. 4. Ifplaced in layers, the thickness of the layers shall be as required to achieve the specified compaction and as required by the project specifica- tions. 9.2 The bedding layers for standard installation Types 1, 2, and 3 shall be placed to be as uniform as possible, but shall be loosely placed uncompacted material under the middle third of the pipe prior to placement of the pipe. 9.3 The maximum aggregate size shall be 1 in. when the bedding thickness is less than 6 in. and 1 1 ⁄ 2 -in. when the bedding thickness is 6 in. or greater, except as noted in 9.4. 9.4 When in situ soils conforming to project specifications are used in constructing the outer bedding for Type 3 and 4 installations, the maximum aggregate size shall not be greater than 3 in., or half the bedding thickness, whichever is less. 9.5 The use of aggregate sizes larger than 1 in. shall be limited to 20 % of the bedding material by weight. 9.6 Bell holes shall be excavated in the bedding or foundation, or both, when installing pipe with expanded bells so that the pipe is supported by the barrel and not by the bells. See Fig. 4. 9.7 Any outer bedding under the lower side areas shall be compacted to at least the same requirements as for the lower side areas.
10. Pipe Placement and Joining
10.1 Pipe shall be installed to the line and grade shown on the project plans and specifications. The joint shall be as specified in the project specifications and shall be installed in accordance with the pipe manufacturer’s recommendations. N OTE 1—(Advisory) Where practical, work should be started at the lowest end of the pipeline and the pipe laid with the bell end upgrade. 10.2 If required, the top of the pipe section being laid shall be positioned to the correct rotational orientation and then joined.