ASTM C329-88(R2020) pdf free download

ASTM C329-88(R2020) pdf free download.Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity of Fired Ceramic Whiteware Materials
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of specific gravity of fired ceramic whiteware materials under prescribed conditions. N OTE 1—This test method is not applicable to materials attacked by water. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- mine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5. Sample Preparation
5.1 When possible, the sample for test shall consist of at least two pieces totaling 100 to 150 g taken from different portions of the material in such a way as to exclude skin surfaces in so far as possible. The sample shall be selected so as to be representative of the material to be tested. 5.2 The pieces shall be crushed, if necessary, between hardened steel surfaces. The specimen shall then be reduced to 25 to 50 g by quartering, and any magnetic material introduced by crushing shall be removed. This specimen shall be ground in a suitable mortar so that it will pass a 150 µm (No. 100) sieve, conforming to Specification E11, or its equivalent. Care shall be taken at all stages of the crushing, grinding, and quartering to minimize the introduction ofimpurities and retain all material even though difficult to grind.
6. Procedure
6.1 Make all determinations in duplicate. Determine all weights in this procedure to the nearest 0.0001 g. 6.2 Place the ground specimen in a glass weighing bottle and dry to constant weight at 105 to 110 °C. Close the bottle with a glass stopper immediately upon removal from the oven. 6.3 Dry the pycnometer and stopper at 105 to 110 °C, cool to room temperature in a desiccator, weigh on an analytical balance, and record the weight as p. Fill the pycnometer bottle with distilled water at room temperature, t 1 , insert the stopper, and remove the excess water on the tip of the capillary by means of filter paper. Weigh the pycnometer and contents and record the weight as W 1 . Empty and dry the pycnometer.6.4 Place about 8 to 12 g of the dried specimen in the dry pycnometer; weigh the pycnometer, stopper, and specimen and record the weight as W. Add distilled water until the bottle is approximately one half full, and, to remove entrapped air, first stir the specimen and water thoroughly with a glass rod. Then remove the glass rod, using a small quantity of distilled water to wash back into the pycnometer any particles of specimen adhering to the rod. Finally subject the specimen and water to a reduced air pressure of less than 1.0-in. (25.4 mm) Hg (abs). N OTE 2—A suitable method for evacuation of gas is described in 5.5 of Test Methods D153. 6.5 Fill the bottle, after evacuation with distilled water at room temperature, t 2 , insert the stopper, and remove the excess water on the tip ofthe capillary by means offilter paper. Weigh the pycnometer and contents, and record the weight as W 2 . 6.6 Temperatures t 1 and t 2 shall be reported to the nearest 0.5 °C and shall not differ by more than 5 °C.
8. Report
8.1 Report the following information: 8.1.1 Designation of the material tested, 8.1.2 Data sheet showing all weights and water tempera- tures. If the absolute density is required, air temperatures shall also be shown, and 8.1.3 Specific gravity (or absolute density, if required). Duplicate determinations shall be reported to the nearest 0.001.