ASTM C828-11(R2021) pdf free download

ASTM C828-11(R2021) pdf free download.Standard Test Method for Low-Pressure Air Test of Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
1. Scope
1.1 This test method defines procedures for testing vitrified clay pipe lines, using low-pressure air, to demonstrate the integrity of the installed line. Refer to Practice C12. 1.2 This test method shall be performed on lines after connection laterals, if any, have been plugged and braced adequately to withstand the test pressure, and after the trenches have been backfilled for a sufficient time to generate a significant portion of the ultimate trench load on the pipe line. The time between completion of the backfill operation and low-pressure air testing shall be determined by the approving authority. 1.3 This test method may also be used as a preliminary test, which enables the installer to demonstrate the condition of the line prior to backfill and further construction activities. 1.4 This test method is suitable for testing gravity-flow sewer pipe constructed ofvitrified clay or combinations ofclay and other pipe materials. 1.5 Terminology C896 is to be used for clarification of terminology in this test method. 1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- mine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The section ofthe line to be tested is plugged. Air, at low pressure, is introduced into the plugged line. The line passes the test if the rate of air loss, as measured by pressure drop, does not exceed a specified amount in a specified time. This may be determined by the use of Table 1, or calculated by use of the formulas in Appendix X1.
4. Hazards
4.1 The low-pressure air test may be dangerous to personnel if, through lack of understanding or carelessness, a line is over-pressurized or plugs are installed improperly. It is ex- tremely important that the various plugs be installed so as to prevent the sudden expulsion of a poorly installed or partially inflated plug. As an example of the hazard, a force of 250 lbf (1110 N) is exerted on an 8-in. (205-mm) plug by an internal pressure of 5 psi (35 kPa). Observe the following safety precautions: 4.1.1 No one shall be allowed in the manholes during testing because of the hazards. 4.1.2 Install all plugs securely. 4.1.3 When lines are to be tested, it may be necessary that the plugs be braced as an added safety factor. 4.1.4 Do not over-pressurize the lines.
6. Procedure
6.1 Determine the test time for the section of line to be tested using Table 1 or Table X1.1 or the formulas in Appendix X1. 6.2 Plug all openings in the test section. 6.3 Add air until the internal pressure of the line is raised to approximately 4.0 psi (28 kPa). After this pressure is reached, allow the pressure to stabilize. The pressure will normally drop as the air temperature stabilizes. This usually takes 2 to 5 min, depending on the pipe size. The pressure should be reduced to 3.5 psi (24 kPa) before starting the test. 6.4 Start the test when the pressure is at 3.5 psi (24 kPa). If a 1 psi (6.9 kPa) drop does not occur within the test time, the line has passed. Ifthe pressure drop is more than 1 psi (6.9 kPa) during the test time, the line is presumed to have failed the test. Ifthe line fails the test, segmental testing may be utilized solely to determine the location of leaks, if any, but not for the acceptance test as required by this section. (see X2.3.3.2.) N OTE 1—Ground water above the pipe will reduce air loss. If the section of line under test shows significant infiltration, the agency may require an infiltration test. Refer to Test Method C1091.