ASTM D3987-12(R2020) pdf free download

ASTM D3987-12(R2020) pdf free download.Standard Practice for Shake Extraction of Solid Waste with Water
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for leaching of solid waste to obtain an aqueous solution to be used to determine the constituents leached under the specified testing conditions. 1.2 This practice provides for the shaking of a known mass ofwaste with water ofspecified composition and the separation of the aqueous phase for analysis. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Values given in parentheses are mathematical con- versions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- mine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice is intended as a rapid means for obtaining an extract of solid waste. The extract may be used to estimate the release of constituents of the solid waste under the laboratory conditions described in this procedure. 4.2 This practice is not intended to provide an extract that is representative of the actual leachate produced from a solid waste in the field or to produce extracts to be used as the sole basis of engineering design. 4.3 This practice is not intended to simulate site-specific leaching conditions. It has not been demonstrated to simulate actual disposal site leaching conditions. 4.4 The intent of this practice is that the final pH of the extract reflects the interaction of the extractant with the buffering capacity of the solid waste. 4.5 The intent of this practice is that the water extraction simulates conditions where the solid waste is the dominant factor in determining the pH of the extract. 4.6 The practice produces an extract that is amenable to the determination of both major and minor constituents. When minor constituents are being determined, it is especially important that precautions are taken in sample storage and handling to avoid possible contamination of the samples. 4.7 The practice has not been tested for applicability to organic substances and volatile matter.
6. Reagents
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent-grade chemicals shall be used. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the American Chemical Society, where such specifications are available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination. 6.2 Purity ofWater—Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean Type IV reagent water at 18 to 27 °C (Specification D1193). The method by which the Type IV water is prepared, that is, distillation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, should remain constant throughout testing.
7. Sampling
7.1 Obtain a representative sample of the solid waste to be tested using ASTM sample methods developed for the specific industry where available. (See Practice D75/D75M, Guide D420, and Practice D2234/D2234M.) 7.2 Where no specific methods are available, sampling methodology for materials of similar physical form shall be used. 7.3 A minimum sample of 5 kg shall be sent to the laboratory (see Practice E122). 7.4 It is important that the sample of the solid waste be representative with respect to surface area, as variations in surface area would directly affect the leaching characteristics of the sample. Solid waste samples should contain a represen- tative distribution of particles sizes.