ASTM D4340-2019 pdf free download

ASTM D4340-2019 pdf free download.Standard Test Method for Corrosion of Cast Aluminum Alloys in Engine Coolants Under Heat-Rejecting Conditions
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory screening proce- dure for evaluating the effectiveness of engine coolants in combating corrosion of aluminum casting alloys under heat- transfer conditions that may be present in aluminum cylinder head engines. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Sections 11 and 12. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 It is essential that engine coolants prevent heat-transfer corrosion ofaluminum cylinder heads during engine operation. Any corrosion products formed may deposit on interior radia- tor surfaces, reducing heat-transfer efficiency of the radiator. Overheating and boil-over of the cooling system may then occur. 4.2 This test method provides a means for selectively screening unused engine coolants and will readily distinguish those coolants that are unsuitable for use with aluminum cylinder head engines. However, satisfactory performance of a coolant in this test method does not ensure adequate long-term service performance. Additional, more comprehensive evalua- tions with simulated service, dynamometer, and vehicle tests should be used to establish the long-term effectiveness of the coolant.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Heat-Transfer Corrosion Cell—The assembled corro- sion cell is shown schematically in Fig. 1. It is assembled from components, some of which require glass blowing or machin- ing. The glass O-ring cell shall be constructed from two glass O-ring joints 3 joined to an additional middle section of glass tubing 4 of the same diameter to make a total length of 53 cm (21 in.). Heat-resistant O-rings 5 shall be used. Internal pressure shall be monitored using a suitable pressure gauge, and a pressure-relief valve shall be installed to protect against bursting.5.1.1 The top assembly plate (shown in Fig. 2) shall be constructed of stainless steel, and the heat-transfer bar and bottom assembly plate (also illustrated in Fig. 2) shall prefer- ably be constructed of stainless steel. Mild steel may be used for the heat-transfer bar and bottom assembly plate. 5.2 Temperature Controller, with high-temperature alarm option and temperature control range up to at least 150 °C (302 °F). Use Type J thermocouple. A heavy-duty electrical power relay or SCR solid-state contactor is connected to the temperature controller to carry the current load to the band heaters. 5.3 Electrical Relay, 6 30-amp rating. The relay is changed after about every 50 000 cycles to prevent contact welding. 5.4 Band Heaters, 7 at least 950 W, 120-V ac, 5.1 cm (2 in.) inside diameter, 12.7 cm (5 in.) length. 5.5 Ultrasonic Cleaner, about 50 W, for cleaning aluminum test samples. 5.6 Vacuum Oven, with temperature range up to about 150 °C (302 °F) for thoroughly drying cast aluminum samples. 5.7 Vacuum Pump, for use with vacuum oven. 5.8 Thermal Cutoff, for over-temperature protection, lo- cated 1.3 cm ( 1 ⁄ 2 in.) from the heat-transfer bar. 5.9 Compressed Air, for pressurizing test cell.
10. Preparation of Test Specimen
10.1 The following steps are necessary in the preparation of the aluminum test specimen for maximum repeatability and reproducibility: 10.2 Polish the test specimen progressively with coarse-, medium-, and fine-grit emery cloth or paper, and finally with 600-grit paper. 10.3 Wash the test specimen with warm tap water, then rinse with distilled or deionized water, and finally with acetone. Make sure thermocouple holes are free of metal chips and polishing debris. Flush the holes with acetone and remove excess liquid with a glass capillary pipet or other suitable means. 10.4 Dry the test specimen in a vacuum oven for a minimum of 4 h at 65 to 90 °C (149 to 194 °F) to remove residual liquid that may be retained in a porous casting. From this point, use thin cotton gloves, or equivalent, to handle the specimen to avoid weighing errors.