ASTM D8111-2019 pdf free download
ASTM D8111-2019 pdf free download.Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIH, Spark-Ignition Engine
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions: 3.1.1 air-fuel ratio, n—in internal combustion engines, the mass ratio of air-to-fuel in the mixture being induced into the combustion chambers. D4175 3.1.2 automotive, adj—descriptive of equipment associated with self-propelled machinery, usually vehicles driven by internal combustion engines. D4175 3.1.3 blowby, n—in internal combustion engines, that por- tion of the combustion products and unburned air/fuel mixture that leaks past piston rings into the engine crankcase during operation. D4175 3.1.4 calibrate, v—to determine the indication or output ofa device (e.g., thermometer, manometer, engine) with respect to that of a standard. D4175 3.1.5 calibrated test stand, n—a test stand on which the testing of reference material(s), conducted as specified in the standard, provided acceptable test results. 3.1.5.1 Discussion—In several automotive lubricant stan- dard test methods, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center provides testing guidance and determines acceptability. D4175 3.1.6 cold-stuck piston ring, n—in internal combustion engines, a piston ring that is stuck when the piston and ring are at room temperature, but inspection shows that it was free during engine operation. 3.1.6.1 Discussion—A cold-stuck piston ring cannot be moved with moderate finger pressure. It is characterized by a polished face over its entire circumference, indicating essen- tially no blowby passed over the outside of the ring during operation. D4175 3.1.7 corrosion, n—the chemical or electrochemical reac- tion between a material, usually a metal surface, and its environment that can produce a deterioration of the material and its properties. D4175 3.1.8 engine oil, n—a liquid that reduces friction or wear, or both, between the moving parts within an engine; removes heat, particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves as a combustion gas sealant for piston rings.3.1.8.1 Discussion—It may contain additives to enhance certain properties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit formation, valve train wear, oil oxidation, and foaming are examples. D4175 3.1.9 hot-stuck piston ring, n—in internal combustion engines, a piston ring that is stuck when the piston and ring are at room temperature, and inspection shows that it was stuck during engine operation. 3.1.9.1 Discussion—The portion of the ring that is stuck cannot be moved with moderate finger pressure. A hot-stuck ring is characterized by varnish or carbon across a portion ofits face, indicating that portion of the ring was not contacting the cylinder wall during engine operation. D4175 3.1.10 lubricant test monitoring system (LTMS), n—an ana- lytical system in which ASTM calibration test data are used to manage lubricant test precision and severity (bias). D4175 3.1.11 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two surfaces that reduces the friction or wear, or both, between them. D4175 3.1.12 mass fraction ofB, w B , n—mass of a component B in a mixture divided by the total mass ofall the constituents ofthe mixture. 3.1.12.1 Discussion—Values are expressed as pure numbers or the ratio of two units of mass (for example, mass fraction of lead is w B = 1.3 x 10 –6 = 1.3 mg/kg). D8047 3.1.13 Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), n—a fact sheet summarizing information about material identification; hazard- ous ingredients; health, physical, and fire hazards; first aid; chemical reactivities and incompatibilities; spill, leak, and disposal procedures; and protective measures required for safe handling and storage. http://www.msdssearch.com 3.1.14 non-reference oil, n—any oil, other than a reference oil; such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candi- date oil. D4175 3.1.15 oxidation, n—of engine oil, the reaction of the oil with an electron acceptor, generally oxygen, that can produce deleterious acidic or resinous materials often manifested as sludge formation, varnish formation, viscosity increase.
