ASTM E1844-08(R2020) pdf free download
ASTM E1844-08(R2020) pdf free download.Standard Specification for a Size 10 × 4–5 Smooth-Tread Friction Test Tire
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for a smooth-tread standard tire for measuring tire-pavement friction forces. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- mine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 The individual standard tires shall conform to the design standards of Section 6. Dimensions, weights, and permissible variations are also given in Section 6 and Figs. 1 and 2. 4.2 Tread compounding, fabric processing, and all tire manufacturing shall be certified to ensure that the specifica- tions are met (see Section 8). 4.3 The markings on the tire, as shown in Fig. 1, shall be molded on the sides of the tire. 4.4 Fig. 1 shows a view of the tread surface and a side view of the tire. Fig. 2 is a typical tire cross section with critical dimensions identified. 4.5 Tire should be mounted so that it is rotated in the direction of the arrow on the side of the tire. See Fig. 1.
5. Material Requirements
5.1 The compounding requirements for the tread compound are given in Table 1. 5.2 The fabric shall be Nylon, 1260/2 Denier. N OTE 1—Certain proprietary products have been specified since exact duplication of properties of the finished tire may not be achieved with other similar products. This inclusion does not in any way comprise a recommendation for these proprietary products nor against similar prod- ucts of other manufacturers, nor does it imply any superiority over any such similar products.
A1.2 Incoming Goods Inspection
A1.2.1 On receipt of a batch of tires from the manufacturer, every tire must be visually examined for a batch number, rubber formulation stamp, and physical imperfections. Tires failing visual inspection must be returned to the manufacturer. A1.2.2 Tires which have passed visual inspection must be marked in bright metallic paint with an individual serial number showing the type of tire, batch number, and tire number. For example, A-08-21. These numbers must be entered in the tire log book which will subsequently show the date oftest, whether it passed or failed, and (when appropriate) to where it was dispatched. A1.3 Running in of New Tires A1.3.1 The tires, together with their inner tubes, must be mounted on rims and inflated to 138 6 3 kPa (20 6 1 psi) and then run in on a friction tester. The mileage required depends on the temperature and moisture on the road surface at the time and varies from 5 to 11 km (3 to 7 miles), at 50 to 65 kmH (30 to 40 mph). The tire must be considered “run-in” when the central molding flash is no longer visible.
A1.4.1 The mounted and run-in tires must be road tested for accuracy of their friction readings, according to the following procedure: A1.4.1.1 Test Conditions—The test must be made according to the following rules: A1.4.1.1.1 Tires must be tested within nine months of manufacture and hardness recorded. A1.4.1.1.2 All tires must be inflated to 138 6 3 kPa (20 6 1 psi). A1.4.1.1.3 All tires must travel at least 1 km (0.6 mile) before entering the test section, and for the last 200 m (220 yd), the surface must be wetted so that the surface is covered with at least 0.5 mm (0.02 in.) of water. A1.4.1.1.4 A properly calibrated friction tester must be used. Comparisons must only be made between runs carried out using the same friction tester. A1.4.1.1.5 Comparisons must only be made between runs carried out on the same day and under the same conditions of road state, moisture, and temperature. If the ambient tempera- ture changes more than 5 °C (9 °F) or if precipitation condi- tions change, the procedure must be restarted.
