ASTM E772-15(R2021) pdf free download
ASTM E772-15(R2021) pdf free download.Standard Terminology of Solar Energy Conversion
3. Adjectives for Electromagnetic Radiation
3.1 Properties and quantities associated with electromag- netic radiation vary with: 3.1.1 The direction and geometric extent (solid angle) over which the incident or exitant flux, or both, is evaluated, and 3.1.2 The relative spectral distribution of the incident flux and the spectral response of the detector for exitant flux. 3.2 Adjective modifiers can be used to indicate the geometric, spectral, and polarization conditions under which radiometric properties and quantities are evaluated. The adjec- tives defined in this Terminology are: conical, diffuse, direct, directional, hemispherical, luminous, normal, and spectral. 3.3 For reflectance and transmittance, the direction and geometric extent of both the incident beam and exitant beam must be specified. 3.4 For emittance, only the exitant beam need be specified, and for absorptance, only the incident beam need be specified. 3.5 Radiometric properties also vary with the polarization of the incident flux and the sensitivity to polarization of the collector-detector system for flux incident or exitant at angles greater than about 15° from normal. 3.6 An instrument used for solar energy measurements or a solar energy receiver will usually determine the directions and geometric extents, such as a pyranometer, a pyrheliometer, or a flat-plate solar thermal collector.
field pyrheliometer, n—pyrheliometers that are designed and used for long-term field measurements of direct solar radia- tion. These pyrheliometers are weatherproof and therefore possess windows, usually quartz, at the field aperture that pass all solar radiation in the range from 0.3 to 4-µm wavelength. E816 full width at half maximum, FWHM[nm or µm], n—in a bandpass filter, FWHM is the interval between wavelengths at which transmittance is 50 % of the peak, frequently referred to as bandwidth. G130 grazing-angle surface polarimeter—see polarimeter, grazing- angle surface. international pyrheliometric scale—see World Radiometric Reference. net pyrgeometer—see pyranometer, net. net pyrradiometer— see pyranometer, net. photometer, n—a device that measures luminous intensity or brightness by converting (weighing) the radiant intensity of an object using the relative sensitivity of the human visual system as defined by the photopic curve. F1863 polarimeter, n—an instrument used to measure the rotation of the plane of polarization of polarized light passing through an optical structure or sample. polarimeter, edge stress, n—a specialized polarimeter for measuring residual edge stress in annealed, heat- strengthened, or thermally tempered flat glass. Used as a non-destructive method of characterizing strength and rela- tive frangibility of glass. polarimeter, grazing-angle surface, n—a specialized pola- rimeter for measuring residual surface stress in annealed, heat-strengthened, or thermally tempered flat glass. Used as a non-destructive method of characterizing strength and relative frangibility of glass. polarimeter, photoelastic, n—a polariscope adapted for quan- titative measurement of optical retardation, birefringence, or stress and strain using photoelastic analysis techniques.
reflectometer, n—an instrument for the measurement of quan- tities pertaining to reflection. E349 refractometer, n—an optical instrument used to measure the index of refraction of an unknown sample. roll-wave gauge, n—instrument used to monitor and quantify roller wave surface distortion, typically present in thermally tempered flat glass processed in a horizontal roller-hearth tempering furnace. C1651 secondary standard pyrheliometer, n—pyrheliometers of high precision and stability whose calibration factors are derived from primary standard pyrheliometers. This group comprises absolute cavity pyrheliometers that do not fulfill the requirements of a primary standard pyrheliometer. E816 self-calibrating absolute cavity pyrheliometer, n—a radiom- eter consisting of either a single- or dual-conical heated cavity that, during the self-calibration mode, displays the power required to produce a thermopile reference signal that is identical to the sampling signal obtained when viewing the sun with an open aperture. The reference signal is produced by the thermopile in response to the cavity irradiance resulting from heat supplied by a cavity heater with the aperture closed.
